Over the last 20 years, hundreds of references supporting the wide range of uses of silver nanocrystals on bacteria such as e Coli, MRSA, streptococci, salmonella, legionella, and viruses such as HIV-1, hepatitis, herpes, norovirus, flu. It is now used in bandages, catheters, clothing, socks, cosmetics, car wax, laundries, plastic tubing in beverage and dairy plants, hospital operating rooms, toys, food preservative, sewage treatment, drinking water, transplant organ preservation, fish farming, fish aquariums.